Discover the fascinating world of exotic pets and the growing field of veterinary care that keeps them healthy.
Understanding Exotic Pets
The phrase “exotic pet” probably brings to mind colorful parrots and rainbow-hued frogs. Veterinary medicine has long defined exotic animals as any animal other than the pet cat or dog or traditional farm animal. So, while “exotic” does encompass parrots and other birds, it also includes all small mammals (rabbits, ferrets, guinea pigs, rats, and other rodents) and reptiles (snakes, turtles/tortoises, and lizards).
Avian Companions and Their Growing Popularity
Avian medicine includes all bird classes—from the large ostriches to raptors to more commonly kept parakeets and finches. As smaller pets have become more popular for tiny houses and apartments, the number of households with bird companions has risen. This group represents the largest number of exotic pets kept in the U.S. today.
Small Mammals: Big Personalities in Tiny Packages
Small animal exotics have long been a family favorite, especially for families and classrooms. As more owners have become aware of the joy and unique personalities of these pets, they increasingly want to provide excellent care and nutrition to improve their health and longevity. Fortunately, these pets are now valued as true family members rather than temporary entertainment.
Reptiles: Unique and Long-Lived Companions
Reptiles are the smallest group of exotic pets kept in U.S. households. Many reptile owners have relied on anecdotal advice for everything from care and feeding to treating illness—often unaware of the growing body of scientific and medical evidence available today. With proper veterinary care, these fascinating animals can live for decades in good health.
The Evolution of Exotic Veterinary Medicine
Veterinary medicine for exotic pets has expanded dramatically in both knowledge and availability since the 1980s. By the time I graduated from the University of Georgia and began practicing in 1993, most conversations with exotic pet owners centered on basic husbandry and care. Back then, about 90% of medical cases stemmed from improper diet or housing.
As we entered the 21st century, research and clinical advancements continued to reshape exotic animal medicine. Today, we’re able to provide nearly the same level of diagnostics and treatments that are available for dogs and cats. With improved care, many of these unique patients are living longer, healthier lives and now benefit from advanced and even geriatric veterinary services.
A Passion for Lifelong Learning and Care
Over the years, I’ve often been asked what makes my job exciting. The answer is simple—it’s the constant discovery and progress in caring for these remarkable animals. Every new insight allows us to provide better medicine for pets who may be small in size but make a huge impact on their families. At Landrum Veterinary Hospital, we’re proud to be part of that continuing journey in exotic pet care.